Cell and gene therapy in medicine relies on efficient and specific delivery of therapeutic genetic material to target cells. These delivery devices are called vectors, and many have been developed from viruses. The parvovirus family of viruses called adeno-associated viruses (AAVs), have emerged as the vector of choice in therapeutic gene delivery due to their optimized tissue and cell specificity and their ability to edit the genome precisely. AAVs are non- enveloped viruses with an icosahedral structure belonging to the parvovirus family and containing single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) (~4.7 kb in length) as their genome. To date, 13 AAV serotypes and >100 variants have been identified with variable tissue tropism.
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