Visualizing Structural Changes in Batteries Using Hard Radiation and the GaliPIX3D Detector

contributed by Malvern Panalytical | 10/01/2018

The alkaline batteries chosen for this purpose consist of MnO₂as the cathode material Zn powder as the anode material [2-3]. While MnO₂is used as a solid mixture with graphite, the Zn powder is suspended in gelled KOH electrolyte. The main chemical processes can be described in the following way:

Anode:

Zn + 2OH^-> ZnO+H₂O + 2e^-

Cathode:

2MnO₂ +2H₂O + 2e^-> 2MnOOH +2OH^-

During the electric discharge MnO₂ is reduced by a solid-state intercalation of H⁺into the MnO₂ lattice. The Zn is oxidised and ZnO is formed around the core. MnO₂ is transformed to MnOOH and as a consequence the thickness of the Mn layer increases.

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