Researchers have developed a new, noninvasive method to help diagnose obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by analyzing amino acids in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). This technique, published in the Journal of Separation Science, uses liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) to provide fast and accurate results.
The method can detect amino acids in very small amounts, with detection limits as low as 0.08 ng/mL. It shows excellent accuracy, with recoveries of 93 percent to 101 percent, and consistent results over multiple days, with variability between 2 percent and 8 percent. In total, 21 amino acids were measured with high precision.
Researchers collected breath samples from patients with OSA and analyzed them using a hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) column and an ammonium formate buffer. This approach eliminated the need for chemical modifications, making the process faster and easier.
OSA is a serious condition linked to high blood pressure, heart attacks, and strokes. Current diagnostic methods, like overnight sleep studies, can be time-consuming and expensive. This breath test offers a simpler, faster alternative, especially for children and very ill patients who might struggle with traditional tests.
Unlike blood or urine tests, EBC sampling is quick, painless, and easy to repeat. This method’s accuracy and reliability makes it a strong candidate for routine clinical use. It could improve early detection of OSA, leading to better management and fewer complications.
Although the results are promising, further studies with more patients are needed. Future research could explore how amino acid profiles relate to OSA severity and treatment outcomes. This new breath test has the potential to make diagnosing sleep apnea easier and more accessible for patients, paving the way for better care in the future.
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