The Quantum Guardian

Quantum biology explores the role of quantum mechanics in biological processes. Quantum effects – like electron tunneling, coherence, and entanglement – have been observed in some biological molecules and may play a role in olfaction and certain enzymatic reactions. 

Recently, researchers have discovered a new biological quantum effect: ultraviolet superradiance from mega-networks of tryptophan in neurons (1). The team at the Quantum Biology Laboratory, Howard University, USA, found that when many tryptophan (Trp) molecules are arranged in a symmetrical network, they fluoresce stronger and faster than they would if they were fluorescing independently – thanks to quantum mechanics. 

The key to this discovery? Steady-state spectroscopy analysis of the microtubules (MTs) – representing mesoscale networks of Trp residues. “It took very precise and careful application of standard protein spectroscopy methods, but guided by the theoretical predictions of our collaborators, we were able to confirm a stunning signature of superradiance in a micron-scale biological system,” said co-author Majed Chergui in a press release (2). 

Interestingly, because tryptophan mega-networks can absorb the damaging UV light emitted by free radicals more efficiently than independently fluorescing tryptophan. This quantum effect could be advanced to a protective strategy against diseases associated with oxidative stress, such as Alzheimer’s disease.

“This photoprotection may prove crucial in ameliorating or halting the progression of degenerative illness,” said Kurian. “We hope this will inspire a range of new experiments to understand how quantum-enhanced photoprotection plays a role in complex pathologies that thrive on highly oxidative conditions.”

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