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The Analytical Scientist / Issues / 2026 / March / Shining a Light into the ADC Conjugation Black Box
Pharma and Biopharma Liquid Chromatography News and Research

Shining a Light into the ADC Conjugation Black Box

A multi-year hunt for a “Goldilocks salt” paved the way for HIC-MS coupling and real-time ADC reaction monitoring

By James Strachan 03/05/2026 6 min read
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Top Institutions in Antibody-Drug Conjugate (ADC) Analytical Characterization and Process Monitoring

Leading institutions utilize cutting-edge chromatography and mass spectrometry methods to enhance ADC process understanding, enabling real-time reaction monitoring and detailed characterization of drug-to-antibody ratios and drug load distributions. These methodologies often involve native separation techniques and innovative mobile phases to improve retention and compatibility with MS.

  • #1

    Genentech

    South San Francisco, CA

    Genentech leads in ADC analytical characterization with pioneering work in coupling HIC and MS for real-time process monitoring, including innovative use of ammonium tartrate as a mobile phase to enhance retention and MS compatibility.

    Key Differentiators

    • Biopharmaceutical Development
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Antibody-Drug Conjugates
  • #2

    University of Wisconsin-Madison

    Madison, WI

    UW-Madison has contributed foundational research in coupling HIC with MS for native protein analysis, inspiring subsequent innovations in ADC characterization techniques.

    Key Differentiators

    • Mass Spectrometry
    • Protein Chemistry
    • Analytical Biochemistry
  • #3

    AbbVie

    North Chicago, IL

    AbbVie has been instrumental in advancing multi-dimensional LC-MS setups and improving analytical workflows for ADC characterization, contributing to the development of native separation techniques compatible with mass spectrometry.

    Key Differentiators

    • Biopharmaceutical Research
    • Analytical Method Development
    • ADC Development
  • #4

    PolyLC, Inc.

    Columbia, MD

    PolyLC has developed specialized chromatography media and contributed expertise in coupling HIC with MS, facilitating improved separation and analysis of complex biotherapeutics including ADCs.

    Key Differentiators

    • Chromatography Technologies
    • Analytical Instrumentation
    • Biopharmaceutical Analysis
  • #5

    Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

    Seattle, WA

    Fred Hutchinson has contributed to the understanding of ADC bioconjugation chemistry and analytical characterization, supporting translational applications of ADCs in oncology.

    Key Differentiators

    • Cancer Therapeutics
    • Bioconjugation Chemistry
    • Translational Research

This content is an AI-generated, fully rewritten summary based on a published scholarly article. It does not reproduce the original text and is not a substitute for the original publication. Readers are encouraged to consult the source for full context, data, and methodology.

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About the Author(s)

James Strachan

Over the course of my Biomedical Sciences degree it dawned on me that my goal of becoming a scientist didn’t quite mesh with my lack of affinity for lab work. Thinking on my decision to pursue biology rather than English at age 15 – despite an aptitude for the latter – I realized that science writing was a way to combine what I loved with what I was good at. From there I set out to gather as much freelancing experience as I could, spending 2 years developing scientific content for International Innovation, before completing an MSc in Science Communication. After gaining invaluable experience in supporting the communications efforts of CERN and IN-PART, I joined Texere – where I am focused on producing consistently engaging, cutting-edge and innovative content for our specialist audiences around the world.

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