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Fields & Applications Chemical

Water determination in aldehydes and ketones

Both aldehydes and ketones pose problems with Karl Fischer titration because they form acetals and ketals respectively with conventional KF reagents (Figure 9.6.a). The reaction forms water, which is also titrated, resulting in vanishing end points and erroneously high water content. With aldehydes a second side reaction, the bisulfite addition, can also occur (Figure 9.6.b). This reaction consumes water and leads to an erroneously low water content.

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